Whatever the cause of cystitis, its treatment must be approached with the utmost seriousness.Even if the symptoms of inflammation quickly evaporate, you should not think that the disease has disappeared by itself.It is possible that the cystitis has reached a more serious stage.It is for this reason that you should get tested in a timely manner and start treatment for the disease.
Suspected cystitis in a timely manner and the examinations carried out will help to quickly deal with it and prevent complications
Common causes of cystitis
The most common cause of cystitis is Escherichia coli.It is observed in 80% of cases.The 20% includes items such as:
- chlamydia;
- Candida mushrooms;
- ureaplasma.
Note that an infection that enters the bladder does not necessarily immediately cause an inflammatory process.It will be triggered by an external factor, depends on hypothermia, recently performed surgeries and intimacy.
Causes of infectious cystitis
This type of inflammation is of two types: complicated and simple.The first form occurs in those who already suffer from urinary tract diseases.These include diseases such as pyelonephritis and inflammation of the prostate.The onset of cystitis is also influenced by the presence of diabetes, heart problems and age.
Uncomplicated cystitis can occur in women at any age.It is caused by a species-specific microorganism.With advanced pathology, the flora will be mixed.Most of the microbes that influence the appearance of the inflammatory process in the bladder come from the gastrointestinal tract and vaginal area.It is for this reason that the pathology is classified as autoinfection.
Cystitis, which appears after intimacy, is now common.Causes chlamydial disease.Some people, such as those with HIV or diabetes, may suffer from fungal cystitis.Its appearance is promoted by yeast-like fungi.
Non-infectious cystitis
- Non-infectious cystitis is detected less often than all other types.It is caused by narrowing of the vessels of the urinary canal and lack of nutrition of its soft tissues.All these moments are provoked by a weakening of the body's immune forces.
- There is also chemical cystitis, caused by elements entering the urinary bag due to an abortion or the insertion of an instrument for diagnostic purposes.
- Cystitis due to allergies occurs when exposed to allergens.We are talking about products.This type of inflammation is short-lived and can be treated quickly without the use of antibiotics.
- Cystitis and urinary disorders can cause mental conditions and stressful situations.These inflammations tend to persist for a long time in humans and prevent them from leading a full life.At the same time, harmful elements are not detected in the urine and relapses often occur.
Various pathogens are needed for cystitis to develop.Microbes should enter the urinary bag and at the same time the protective forces of the soft tissues should be reduced.
Infection process
The main route of infection is the anal area.Then comes the vagina with the urethra.Less common is infection associated with the kidneys and ureters.
Infection occurs through the bloodstream and lymph.
Sometimes you can “get” cystitis if an organ near the bladder is “diseased”.If the bladder mucosa is not adequately protected, the proliferation of harmful organisms occurs more intensely.During the life of such microbes, substances are released that damage the membrane, causing an inflammatory process.
Details of the appearance of cystitis
The following factors are indicated as the triggering cause of the disease:
- carry a fetus;
- work activity;
- postpartum period;
- hormonal changes during menopause.
This causes the development of cystitis in girls attending nursery and primary school, because in fact they are more likely to have inflammation than groups of older children.This is due to the immaturity of the ovaries and the lack of sex hormones due to age.These hormones appear when the protective mechanisms of the vagina finish forming.This leads to the combination of harmful elements and the occurrence of an inflammatory process.
When defloration occurs (rupture of the virgin membrane), the infection enters the bladder through the lymphatic vessels.
If you have sexual intercourse often and violently, the vaginal mucosa is damaged and the infection can easily penetrate into the bloodstream, after which it will easily reach the bladder.In addition, foreign elements enter the urinary bag during prolonged sexual intercourse.
If cystitis appears during pregnancy, the reason is the growth of the uterus.It puts pressure on the urinary canal, stagnation of urine occurs and, as a result, inflammation begins.The causes of cystitis during pregnancy are a low immune system.
During menopause female sex hormones are absent.They help build immunity in the genital area.Against this background, not only cystitis develops, but there are also other diseases.
In the male population, cystitis can occur due to urological interventions or the presence of a foreign body.Usually in men inflammation of the bladder appears against the background of a pre-existing disease.
The main causative agents of cystitis
The provocateurs of the disease enter the urinary canal in several ways.In medicine, several ways have been identified that can cause cystitis.
Urinary system.Any infection that enters the vagina reaches the desired area through the urethra.
Bladder inflammation can be caused by bacterial vaginosis, cervicitis, cervical inflammation and thrush.Worms and inflammatory processes in the pelvis can also influence the development of cystitis.
Pathology often occurs against the background of renal tuberculosis, pyelonephritis in the chronic stage.Diseases not related to the urinary system can also cause cystitis.These are dysbacteriosis, tonsillitis, furunculosis.
Often inflammation occurs after a violation of the hymen, which is why it received the second name "honeymoon cystitis".
If there is blood in cystitis, it signals injury to the urinary system near the bladder.Blood can trigger violent sexual intercourse.
Causes of inflammation in women
The main causes of cystitis in women are as follows:
- failure to comply with hygiene standards;
- hypothermia not only of the area below the belt, but also of the entire body;
- trauma after intimacy (the disease occurs several hours after sexual intercourse);
- irritation of the urethra during sex and in the classic position;
- drinking “bad” water;
- unbalanced diet and consumption of carbonated drinks;
- instrumental diagnostics of the pelvic organs;
- existing diseases in the bladder area;
- allergic reactions to deodorants, intimate hygiene products;
- past sore throat, rhinitis, tooth decay;
- type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus;
- severe stress;
- mechanical damage from stones and salt crystals;
- recent treatment with indiscriminate use of drugs without sensitivity testing;
- premature discontinuation of drugs in the treatment of infectious cystitis;
- reinfection from a sexual partner;
- weak muscles in the pelvic floor;
- physical activity that affects the perineal area;
- Radiation cystitis, which appears after radiation therapy in the treatment of malignant tumors.
Cystitis tends to recur and become chronic.This fact represents 10% of all cases of inflammation.
Pregnancy and menopause
A woman in this position has low immunity and is therefore very vulnerable.The fetus grows, putting a lot of pressure on the bladder.A pregnant woman often goes to do her business, which leads to poor hygiene in the urethral area.If the bladder cannot be completely emptied, urine stagnation occurs.Because of this, annoying diseases appear.
At a certain age, a woman experiences menopause.This is the absence of a monthly cycle, but instead there are hot flashes and general poor health.This period is caused by a lack of hormones.The functioning of the bladder is impaired, problems with urination arise, and urinary incontinence occurs.As a result, hygiene procedures are not performed as expected and the urethral area becomes irritated.Against this background, cystitis occurs.
Bladder inflammation can start unexpectedly and disappear just as quickly.This is wrong.It subsides, but at the same time causes many third-party diseases that negatively affect the body.
Preventive precautions
- You should empty your bladder at the first sign.This is important because urinary retention also leads to cystitis.
- Get into the habit of drinking at least 6-8 glasses of water a day.It dilutes stagnation and prevents bacteria from settling in the urine for a long time.
- Treat all diseases in a timely manner.
- Maintain hygiene.Wash every day, from front to back.It is important to treat the anal area as bacteria can move quickly into the vagina.
- It is recommended to wear only cotton underwear and loose clothing.
- If cystitis often worsens, you should stop bathing.It is best to wash yourself in the shower.
- After intimacy, you need to empty your bladder to “wash away” foreign bacteria.
If you notice the slightest sign of cystitis, you should visit a doctor and determine treatment options.There are many reasons for inflammation, so diagnosis and tests must be mandatory.